The objectives of the survey were to provide information regarding the following: a. Household use of, and expenditure patterns for, social services; b. Reasons for low levels of household investment in education and health services for children; c. The distribution of the benefits of public spending for social services and how to improve targeting; d. Households' evaluation of the social services available to them; e. The potential for demand-side interventions to increase human capital investment directly (especially for girls and the poor); and f. The feasibility of repeated national monitoring surveys to assess the impact of future Bank and government projects in the social sectors, and to increase Tanzania's capacity to perform household survey work.